The engine is the core component of a machine and the main source of power. Many failures are caused by improper use and maintenance, so engine maintenance and repair are crucial. Learning to use and maintain the engine correctly can not only reduce the failure rate, but also extend its life, thereby creating more economic benefits. The following are 7 major precautions that should not be underestimated in diesel engine repair and maintenance.
1. Clean
Before starting the engine every day, wipe off the dust and oil on the engine surface and keep it clean to prevent oil or coolant leakage.
2. Check
According to the requirements of the corresponding technical data, first check the quality and volume of lubricating oil, coolant and diesel. If they are deteriorated, they need to be replaced in time, otherwise it will cause poor combustion of the diesel engine, excessive carbon deposits, and sintering of the piston ring causing cylinder scuffing; if the volume is insufficient, it needs to be added in time. Secondly, check the various contact surfaces and sealing nuts of the diesel engine, and they must maintain appropriate tightness.
3. Change
Regularly replace the "three filters" (air filter, oil filter and diesel filter).
A. Air filter
The air filter is an important part of the diesel engine supply system, which can purify the air entering the air pipe. If the air filter is not maintained in time, dust will enter the cylinder, thereby aggravating the wear of parts such as cylinder liners, piston rings, intake and exhaust valves, causing difficulty in starting, engine power reduction, and even shortening the service life of the diesel engine.
Attention should be paid during installation:
a. Do not miss, reverse or wrongly install the sealing gaskets and rubber connecting pipes, and ensure the tightness of each embedded place;
b. If a paper dust cup air filter is used, dust should be removed once every 50-100 hours of work. The surface dust can be brushed off with a soft brush. If the working time exceeds 500 hours or is damaged, it should be replaced in time. c. If an oil bath air filter is used, the filter element should be cleaned with clean diesel and the lubricating oil in it should be replaced every 100-200 hours of operation. If the filter element is broken, it should be replaced immediately and lubricating oil should be added as required. In addition, adding a layer of 8-20mm thick foam plastic with good air permeability to the two layers of the air filter can improve the filtering effect, ensure the normal combustion of the oil, and reduce fuel consumption. B Lubricating oil filter If the diesel engine is not maintained in time, the filter element will be blocked, the lubricating oil pressure will increase, the safety valve will be opened, and the lubricating oil will flow directly into the main oil channel, which will aggravate the wear of the lubricating surface and impurities will enter between the relevant parts, thus affecting the service life of the diesel engine. Therefore, the lubricating oil filter should be cleaned once every 180-200 hours of operation. If it is found to be damaged, it should be replaced immediately to prevent impurities from entering the lubricating surface. When the diesel engine is used in season change, the crankcase and various lubricating surfaces should also be cleaned. The lubricating oil, kerosene and diesel are mixed as washing oil. The washing oil can be added after the lubricating oil is released. Then, the diesel engine is operated at a low speed for 3-5 minutes, and then the washing oil is completely released and new lubricating oil is added. Here, the editor reminds that wrapping 2 to 3 layers of toilet paper with strong adsorption on the diesel engine oil filter element can also improve the cleanliness of the oil and reduce fuel consumption. You can try it.
C Diesel filter
Due to the fact that diesel will be mixed with impurities such as dust and moisture during transportation and use, and it also contains hard abrasive particles and will oxidize and gel, which will aggravate the wear of the cylinder and cause early damage to the engine. Therefore, strengthening the precipitation and filtration of diesel can greatly extend the service life of precision components. If the filter element of the diesel is not cleaned and replaced regularly, and the diesel tank is not cleaned regularly, the fuel supply system will be blocked, resulting in insufficient fuel supply. At the same time, the wear of the injection pump and the precision parts of the injector will be caused by unclean diesel.
Generally, debris should be removed or replaced once every 100-200 working hours, and the fuel tank and oil pipelines should be thoroughly cleaned. Especially for the electronic common rail system, due to high-pressure precision injection, high precision of the fuel system's parts, and small matching clearance, higher requirements are placed on the filtration efficiency and water separation efficiency of the fuel filter. The first-level oil-water separator and the first-level diesel fine filter have a water separation efficiency greater than 95%, and a particle filtration efficiency of 3-5 microns greater than 98.6%. During daily maintenance, special care should be taken. If abnormalities are found, or the mileage and time reach the engine requirements, they need to be replaced in time. The diesel used should meet seasonal requirements and must be subjected to 48 hours of sedimentation and purification.
